Great potential for small instruments

Article Abstract:

Laparoscopy, the use of small instruments and telescopes to perform abdominal surgery through small apertures, can be greatly improved. The new techniques are very exciting, but designers must refine the instruments used. A special aspiration/irrigation unit would be welcome, as would forceps with the rings closer to the instrument's axis. Stitching is especially difficult. The telescopy system is good, but can be disorienting and should provide stereo vision.

Innovations, Surgery, Abdomen, Laparotomy, Laparoscopy, Laparoscopes

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Small torque

Article Abstract:

The first practical use of constant force spring as the essential part in a counterbalancing system made for bridge windows on naval frigates on duty in the North Sea in 1953. They have since become more common, with the automobile seat belt perhaps the best-known application. Constant force spring are usually constructed from either a specially chosen flat stainless steel strip or high carbon texturised spring steel strip.

Analysis, Usage, Steel industry, Springs (Mechanism), Springs (Mechanisms)

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High-level torque

Article Abstract:

Peugeot S.A.'s ES9J4 engine features six cylinders in a 60 degree V formation. The engine yields greater combustion efficiency and power with lower emissions with its exceptional air-to-fuel ratio. Specific consumption is also maximized with its combustion chamber design and fuel injection and ignition electronics. ES9J4 offers a maximum torque of 88% (24.3 mkg) for minimal engine speeds of 2000 rpm.

Product development, Peugeot S.A., Internal combustion engines

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