Power and refrigeration plants for minimum heat exchanger inventory

Article Abstract:

The optimization principle that governs power plants and refrigeration plants is studied. The heat transfer rates in a power plant model and a refrigeration plant model are evaluated based on the systems' thermal conductances. Results show that refrigeration plants with specified mechanical power input can be optimized by minimizing their aggregate heat exchanger inventory. It is also found that a power plant with minimum heat exchanger equipment and fixed power output has the same efficiency as the power plant designed for maximum power.

Heat exchangers, Electric power plants, Refrigeration equipment, Power plants

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Vitamin synthesis in plants: Tocopherols and carotenoids

Article Abstract:

Carotenoids and tocopherols are the two most abundant groups of lipid-soluble antioxidants in chloroplasts and are also essential components of animal diets, including humans. Mutant analysis and transgenic studies have provided important insight into the regulation, activities and evolution of individual enzymes and are already providing a knowledge base for breeding and transgenic approaches to modify the types and levels of these important compounds in agricultural crops.

Genetic aspects, Genetic regulation, Arabidopsis, Chemical synthesis, Crops, Crops (Plants)

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Plants and Temperature-[CO.sub.2] Uncoupling

Article Abstract:

Research indicates that oxygen and carbon dioxide isotopes in polar ice caps have been coupled for the past 420,000 years with changes in Earth's temperature. This coupling will continue, with cooling coinciding with low carbon dioxide and warming with higher carbon dioxide.

United States, Geology, Stratigraphic, Stratigraphy, Temperature measurements, Temperature measurement, Ice caps, Glaciology

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