Impact of material flow policies and goals on job outcomes

Article Abstract:

A manual production line was examined for effects of 2 different material flow policies and 3 different goal-setting policies. The line used a push system, where workers work at their own pace (assuming available work) and pass work to the next station as soon as the work is completed, and a pull system, where workers pass work only when the next worker needs it. Three different goal-setting policies involved no specified goals, individual goals, or group goals confounded with monetary incentives and feedback. Measurements were taken from unobtrusive videotaping and worker questionnaires. Analyses indicated productivity increased approximately 25% when group goals were matched to a pull policy (compared to a push policy with no specified goals). Other results relating to productivity and job satisfaction are discussed. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Analysis, Management, Manufacturing processes, Manufacturing, Materials handling, Assembly-line methods, Assembly lines

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Note on "Adverse Impact from a Psychometric Perceptive"

Article Abstract:

This study reports on a reanalysis of a previous investigation by G.H. Ironson, R.M. Guion and M. Ostrander. The orginial article dealt with the use of test characteristic curves for measuring adverse-impact ratios (AIR) in selection. A Rasch model and test equation method yielded AIRs similar to those scores acquired with raw scales figures. However, this review notes that the equating analysis explored earlier was not suitable, and that lowering of outcomes is deluding. A statistical table depicts adverse impact correlations at diverse ability estimates.

Methods, Measurement, Environmental impact analysis, Estimation theory

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Methods to reduce the impact of intraclass correlation in group-randomized trials

Article Abstract:

Intraclass correlation (ICC) for dependent variables, which have been used in group-randomized trials (GRTs) are studied. Modelling time and regression adjustment are the two methods used to reduce the impact of ICC in GRTs. They coded and analyzed 1,188 ICC estimates from 17 published and unpublished articles representing 21 studies.

Evaluation, Correlation (Statistics), Trials

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