Computer optimization of minimal biped model discovers walking and running

Article Abstract:

A minimal model is used to describe walking and running as well as an infinite variety of other gaits. Computer optimization is used to find which gaits are indeed energetically optimal for this model and it is found that at low speeds the optimization discovers the classic inverted-pendulum walk, at high speeds it discovers a bouncing run, even without springs, and at intermediate speeds it finds a new pendular-running gait that includes walking and running as extreme cases.

Usage, Human locomotion, Mathematical optimization, Optimization theory, Gait

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A whirling dervish

Article Abstract:

Vega, the second brightest star in the northern night sky, is not turning unhurriedly as assumed, but rotating at a speed near to that at which it would fly apart. For astronomers, Vega is the most important star in the sky and is also the fundamental 'spectrophotometric' star, serving as the standard calibrating source of light for telescopes working in regions of the electromagnetic spectrum from the far ultraviolet through the visible to the infrared.

Spectra, Astronomical research, Vega (Star)

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