Glycine-receptor activation is required for receptor clustering in spinal neurons

Article Abstract:

It has been possible to obtain evidence to support a model for the local accumulation of gephyrin and GlyR under glycinergic nerve terminals. This model gives transmitter-induced activity a key role in receptor clustering. It was found that competitive GlyR antagonist strychnine and L-type Ca2+-channel blockers prevent the accumulation of GlyR and gephyrin at postsynaptic membrane areas in cultured rat spinal neurons. This is consistent with a model in which GlyR activation that leads to Ca2+ influx is needed for the clustering of gephyrin and GlyR at developing postsynaptic sites.

Cell receptors, Glycine, Nerves, Spinal, Spinal nerves

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Neuronal release of soluble nucleotidases and their role in neurotransmitter inactivation

Article Abstract:

Recent research has shed doubt on the assumption that membrane-bound enzymes which hydrolyze ATP to adenosine terminate the neurotransmitter actions of ATP in the brain and in the periphery. Neuronal ATP is released if the sympathetic nerves innervating the vas deferens in guinea pigs are stimulated, as are soluble nucleotidases which break down the ATP to adenosine. This suggests that nerve activity boosts inactivation of ATP. It can therefore be stated that inactivation of ATP involves the neuronal release of specific metabolic enzymes.

Adenosine triphosphate, ATP

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SNAP-mediated protein-protein interactions essential for neurotransmitter release

Article Abstract:

Introduction of either peptides that mimic SNAP binding sites or recombinant SNAPs in squid giant synapses result in either inhibited or enhanced transmitter release, respectively. This reveals that a SNAP-mediated protein-protein interaction is necessary for transmitter release mechanism which involves constitutive membrane fusion.

Physiological aspects, Proteins

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