Two different areas within the primary motor cortex of man

Article Abstract:

The primary motor area of mammals is subdivided on the basis of anatomy neurochemistry and function instead of being homogenous, structurally and functionally. Area 4 of the primary motor cortex in man comprises of 4 anterior (4a) and 4 posterior (4p) subdivisions. These subdivisions are based on quantitative distributions of transmitter-binding sites and quantitative cytoarchitecture. Two representations of the index and the middle finger exist, one each in areas 4a and 4p. Roughness discrimination activates area 4p more than the control condition of self-generated movements.

Analysis, Reports, Observations, Brain, Neurons, Cell research, Cytological research, Motor cortex

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Nicotine metabolism defect reduces smoking

Article Abstract:

People who have impaired functioning of the genetically variable enzyme CYP2A6, and thus have impaired nicotine metabolism, have strong protection against becoming tobacco-dependent smokers. Furthermore, smokers whose nicotine metabolism is impaired because they lack fully functional CYP2A6 smoke considerably fewer cigarettes than smokers with normal nicotine metabolism. CYP2A6 genotype could have a substantial impact on nicotine levels from sources of nicotine other than cigarettes.

Research, Nicotine, Nicotinic receptors

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