The Process of Motivation

Article Abstract:

Managers must motivate workers to maintain productivity. Standard motivational theories do not describe the motivation process. The expectancy theory states that work is determined by expected results. Anticipated satisfaction may result from an act in itself or its results. Degree of probability is also a factor in behavior. Valence is the desire for a specific outcome. The motivational force is the valences multiplied by the strength of expectancies. Rewards can be either intrinsic or extrinsic. Managers should consider rewards, clear procedures, intervening variables and lessening undesirable outcomes. According to the equity theory, individuals feel there is equity when outcome equals input. Feelings of inequity will cause changes in and cognitive distortion of inputs and outcomes, withdrawal, and an altering of the comparison reference frame. Goals determine actions and managers should take this into consideration.

Industrial productivity, Performance improvement (Computers), Personnel, Productivity, Strategic Planning, Performance Improvement, Theory, Theoretical Approach

---

Understanding Management Services and Techniques

Article Abstract:

Planning and control are two management techniques involving future strategies, allocation of resources, risk analysis, and cost benefit analysis. Productivity includes utilizing information to improve efficiency and economy. A manager should be aware of productivity issues. A central management services division in a company allows for consistent managerial organization. Project teams can be utilized to investigate priority tasks. Top management should be prepared to keep the right mix of people in this environment.

Crisis management, Leadership, Management by objectives, Management Style

---

Motivation Can Overcome Fear of Rejection

Article Abstract:

Rejection is avoided by avoidance, being a nice guy, rejection of the other individual first, ridicule, and development of masks. Salesmen should be satisfaction motivated, that is motivation by doing the best possible job they can. Rejection then becomes a basis on which to grow.

Selling, Psychology, Sales

Similar abstracts:

• Abstracts: The Bedrock Skills of the Marketing Manager. Ceiling Insulation Service. Nuffield-PA Study Offers Blueprint for Manager Development in Health Service
• Abstracts: The Success of Scanning. Promoting For Success. A Success in the Making
• Abstracts: Six Challenges For General Managers. Digital Schneider Trophy Race. Data General Race Tightens Up the OA Race
• Abstracts: Survival of the Fittest. Television Pictures Transmitted by Telephone. Telephone Survival Comes from Conservatism
• Abstracts: The Primary Systems Affecting Selling Transactions. Shoe-Selling System. 'Making Business Systems Effective'

This website is not affiliated with document authors or copyright owners. This page is provided for informational purposes only. Unintentional errors are possible.